The North Side Copse House is a country house in West Sussex, near London and was designed by the Ecologic firm. Since its inception, the project has been driven by the idea that a design of exceptional value may become a significant asset to the area where you are. The project therefore, has developed its entirety, from concept to manufacturing and technology systems and development of design solutions.

The symbiotic relationship with the site has been explored in the plane of the facade and structural design of the house. Passive design strategies have been applied to give the house a good potential for natural ventilation and lighting, solar access, and use of thermal mass and insulation. As a result, each lift has acquired a different setting, where the qualities of the façade varies in response to specific local stimuli.

The architectural beauty design of the results thus becomes a direct reflection of their ecological value.

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The Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, located in Port Elizabeth is the third stadium designed by gmp Architekten for the football World Cup. The host eight matches, including the match for third and fourth place. Designed as football and rugby stadium, the Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium is located next to North End Lake.

The stadium is located in the suburbs and has become a landmark building, growing in the lake with a shape biomimetics. The silhouette of the stadium shows the clean design of its structure. This hall with columns contains the whole stadium.

The roof structure is geared to local climatic conditions and protects the spectators not only from the sun, but and especially against the frequent and violent gusts of wind. The protection is made of aluminum trusses braced caldding done on white PTFE membrane. All technical installations, such as sound and lighting system, and the maintenance of the walkway, integrated into the roof.

The stadium designed for 48,000, divided into two levels. The rounded design of the stadium ensures optimal viewing conditions, also an intimate and emotional. The design takes into account not only the function, technical and climatic aspects but also the cultural aspects. Local African artisans giving an exhibition of 700 meters wide from the traditional and modern African culture completed the facade, which is in the back of colonnading.

The construction of the Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium offers the opportunity to Port Elizabeth with a high level of quality sports facilities, will revitalize the entire urban area. The design objective is to encourage the maximum for it to be used after the World Cup. All areas of the stadium press can become offices and leisure facilities. There is open area between the stadium and the sea offering recreation for visitors. Existing sports clubs in Port Elizabeth use the stadium on a daily basis.

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So how did it all begin? Buffalo’s rise as an industrial metropolis has origins in the ambitious dreams of financier Reuben B. Heacock, who set out in 1827 to create on the banks of the now-buried Little Buffalo Creek an industrial precinct of prodigious scale, a water-powered mill district he hoped could rival the manufacturing areas of Lowell, Massachusetts, and Manchester, England.

The dreams did not come to pass, dashed by financial panic in 1837 and the progression of a new force about town: steam power, which made the canal’s power seem primitive and unreliable by comparison. But the effort was a spark setting off the development of large-scale manufacturing in the city. Heacock’s Buffalo Hydraulic Association, the private investment group that built the Hydraulic Canal from Big Buffalo Creek in Cheektowaga to Buffalo, furnished water power for a mill village the investors constructed that represents the seedlings of Buffalo’s industrial economy.

In the heady days of the late 1820s, a time of frenzied speculation and tremendous economic growth in Buffalo, the Buffalo Hydraulic Association completed their canal and put into operation a saw mill that anticipated the district’s rapid development. A festive affair marking the occasion and the bright future it appeared to foretell is retold by an 1827 account in the Buffalo Journal, a regional newsweekly:

On Thursday last [November 1, 1827] the “Buffalo Hydraulick Company” celebrated the partial completion of their works, by an entertainment to their friends & the citizens of the county generally. A very respectable assemblage did honour to the treat, which consisted of an ox, roasted whole, with proper trimmings, and an abundance of whiskey and cider, served in true republican style. The ceremonies of the day were accompanied by the discharge of cannon, and success to the “Buffalo Hydraulick Company” was drunk with a hearty good will and overflowing bumpers. A saw-mill erected by the company, was put in operation on the occasion. From the test, which this fact afforded, and from the evidence of men of science and experience, no doubt remains of the complete success of the company, in securing to this village an ample water power for all hydraulick purposes that our wants require. This has long been a desideratum, & the gentlemen whose enterprise has enabled them to accomplish so important an object to the prosperity of our village, deserve more than empty thanks, and which they cannot fail eventually to realize. The canal which leads the water into the village, is nearly four miles in length, and is sufficiently capacious to hold the waters of the different branches of Buffalo Creek united. It terminates in the eastern part of the village, and when completed will cost about $15,000.

The expectations were high. As the Hydraulic Canal was under construction in 1828, the Village Directory proclaimed the Buffalo Hydraulic Association one of the city’s most important civic initiatives, one that would establish “mill privileges of incalculable advantage to the city and the country.” The City Directory of 1836 reports the Hydraulics had nearly overnight become a village of 500 inhabitants and the site of three saw mills, a woolen factory, a pail factory, a factory for turning bed posts, a grist mill, a brewery, and a tannery. The industrial revolution had arrived in Buffalo.

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Did you know the largest manufacturer of small paper boxes in the world was in Buffalo? Consider yourself now in the know! The F. N. Burt Company, whose sprawling factory complex at Seneca and Hamburg streets churned out upwards of four million boxes a day, was one of the largest employers in the Hydraulics and one of the shining lights of Buffalo industry.

F. N. Burt, an innovator in graphic design, was one of the most respected box manufacturers on the planet. Renowned for the glamour and sophistication of its manufactures, the company experienced tremendous growth in the early 20th century that coincided with, as well as contributed to, the emergence of the stylized box as an advertising vehicle for mass-produced consumer goods. Its prodigious, 400,000 sq. ft. factory complex is entirely intact – every building it ever constructed on Seneca Street from 1901-1927 still stands, a miracle by any standard in industrial heritage preservation.

The company, symbol of Buffalo’s progressive outlook at the early 20th century, made one particularly groundbreaking move in 1909 when it hired a female, Mary R. Cass, to be general manager of the plant – at a time when she was forbidden to vote in national elections and women were unknown in leadership positions at American factories. The fabulous Mary Cass, who almost single-handedly led the transformation of the small printing company to a manufacturing interest of world significance, was for the next twenty-five years one of the country’s leading business executives.

The plant was shuttered in 1959, the year the East Buffalo section of the Niagara Thruway opened and the company moved its factory operations to new facilities in suburban Cheektowaga. The complex, though vacant, is in sound and reusable condition, and is now owned by the Buffalo-based New Era Cap Co., one of the world’s leading baseball cap manufacturers.
A Buffalo Courier Express article printed September 21, 1952, has the plant’s story:
Burt Co. is world’s largest maker of small set-up boxes: Three to four million units a day

By Lee Griggs

Ever think twice about a box? Probably not. Boxes are so common that few people think much about them except the ones who make them. Boxes are everywhere. They’re convenient. There’s a box for every use, but there’s more to boxmaking than meets the eye.

The world’s largest manufacturer of small setup boxes operates right here in Buffalo. The F. N. Burt Co., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Moore Corp., Ltd., produces between 3,000,000 to 4,000,000 box units in every two-shift day. Burt operates a huge setup plant at Seneca and Hamburg, a folding carton plant at Main and Bryant, and a large warehouse on Babcock St., complete with rail outlet via the Pennsylvania Railroad.

All of Burt’s work is to custom order. Many customers renew their orders year after year, but colors, shapes and styles of boxes change constantly, presenting new problems for the company, which designs all of its own fully automatic boxmaking machinery.

Burt’s setup box volume is divided roughly into three equal parts. These categories are cigaret, cosmetic and pharmaceutical boxes, most of them specially designed. These are the basic types, but Burt boxes contain everything from face powder, mascara, pills and tooth powder to shoe polish, typewriter ribbons, fishing lures and phonograph needles. The variety is astonishing.

Some setup boxes are square or oblong. Others are round or oval. Burt is an extensive maker of oval and odd shaped boxes because no one has the ingenious machinery necessary to do it automatically, the only way it pays. In addition to making boxes directly to customer order, the firm also makes up drug boxes for resale to the stock drug trade.

F. N. Burt, founder of the company, went into business in August of 1886, but not making boxes. He was printing legal briefs at first and then expanded to include the printing of drug labels. When Burt finally got into boxmaking at 440 Main St. in 1896, his product was brightwood folding boxes, not the present setup type for which the firm is so well known today.

Five years later, the first of the Seneca St. units was built, facing Hamburg. This started a long line of expansions on that site, finally completed in 1927 to provide six floors and 400,000 square feet of space. The Main-Bryant plant, occupied in 1935 to accomodate customer demand for folding cartons, offers another 100,000 square feet.

Miss Cass becomes manager

Burt sold the business to the Moore interests in 1909 and retired the following year. His successor was Mary R. Cass, who served as general manager for 25 years and was considered one of the country’s most able business women.

Prior to World War I the big box item was cigarets. The company devised special machinery to turn out automatically some 250,000,000 of these hardwood boxes before excise taxes and the advent of the cup package killed the market. Now boxes are coming back strong. The public has accepted enthusiastically the Regent and Parliament type of cigaret box, which either opens from the top or slides out. Burt makes millions of boxes for both of these manufacturers.

As the cigaret business fell off in the 20s, cosmetic and pharmaceutical box demand took up the slack. Burt began packaging face powder in solid round and square setup boxes. The cosmetic trade soon supplanted cigaret boxes as the biggest production item. Today Burt is still the largest supplier to the cosmetic industry.

Many modern cosmetic boxes have transparent cellophane exposure panels. Others are decorated with Burt’s extensive lamlac finish. Powder boxes have transparent drums fitting inside the box’s base walls to prevent the powder from shifting, just one of the challenges Burt had to overcome to meet successfully the precise packaging demands of customers.

Materials arrive for processing from all parts of the country in rolls or flat sheets. Stock is then lined to specifications, after which specially designed and built machines for manufacturing do the glueing, labeling, stamping and assembling at tremendous speeds.

Paper, board and glue are the chief boxmaking ingredients. All these are subject to the effects of moisture, but Burt controls the conditions of manufacture so closely that parts can be fitted within a 64th of an inch.

The folding carton business at Main and Bryant comprises from 15 to 20 per cent of the total sales volume, depending on the trends of business. The plant offers a high grade lithographing service for cartons, producing a better quality than the letter-press method used by competitors.

In addition to making boxes, Burt will also furnish any prospective customer with a special consultation service to help work out effective designs, colors, print and type matter for merchandising. Manufacturers for the retail trade know the value of an attractive package as a stimulant to produce sales, and many concerns call on Burt’s know-how, born of long experience in box designing.

Machinegun parts

During World War II, Burt made a direct contribution to the war effort as a sub-contractor producing machinegun parts under government order. The company also produced 1,000,000 special cartons a day for the Medical Corps.

But there was another contribution. If Burt hadn’t come up with wartime paper substitute cartons for metal tins used to carry thousands of products during peacetime, many manufacturers might have been hard pressed to continue in operation.

Burt made jar caps from cardboard to replace metal ones, and even threaded them. Millions of asprin boxes, usually made of tin, were produced from paper. So were tooth powder containers as the Seneca St. plant worked around the clock. Brass was short and millions of paper lipsticks were made.

Pension plan for employes

The company has always prided itself on good labor relations. The product is light, clean and easy to handle, making work more enjoyable. Burt was the first box company to set up a fully funded pension plan for employes. As a result, turnovers have been slowed. Nearly half the Burt workers have been with the company more than 15 years, 15 per cent of them over 25 years and a rugged handful over half a century.

Today the trend is toward ever more efficient machine production. High labor costs have made machine production necessary to profitable operation. Manufacturing speeds have been increased steadily over the last 15 years as Burt continues to improve the quality of its vital service to retail manufacturers throughout the nation.

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Boundless optimism, since it all turned to the fifth day of IJburg, such as multiplication ARCAM organized by the date of the referendum that the project is not blocked. The merriment began with the sun during the excursions on the Harbor Island afternoon, and ended with the conclusion of the discussion Chairman Martin Kloos evening top the telephone, the only building on IJburg there certainly is.

Apparently surprised Kloos noted after the pep talk of Klaas de Boer (Director Planning Service Amsterdam), Igor Roovers (IJburg project), Han Michel (director of one of those developer consortia) and Vera Yanovshtchinsky (an architect of the first blocks on the Harbor Island) that it all appears to be a lot better than he and many like him these days the media have understood. And it surprised Kloos, who do not like the naiefste known, in turn, a large part of the room, including yours truly.

If something does not voted for optimism was the slick but empty talk of the four speakers. IJburg Almost everything was great, ambitious, beautiful, durable and magnificent, and had actually just a bit faster and be more beautiful – but under approach X, Y and not approach the previous speaker, or Z of the environmental movement or the Car lobby or Q of politics. The very fact that the propagandists on four key issues and strongly disagree were sprinkled with water by stabbing made clear that there is something wrong somewhere. That many of these discussions are also attracted much of the political and social realities, it gave a whole declined slightly scary touch: this is after all not Utopia. But it was difficult the presented success stories too seriously, as the ground was already clear in the sometimes cynical comments of co-referent Gert Middelkoop (planner) to the room as half Maarten van Rossem played. The sober but vivid reality, the visionary superficial machismo of the great men and woman are overtaking.

The question that all this came to mind was how well the speakers themselves nou seriously. Klaas de Boer really think that all those spectacular infrastructure that he misses, a bypass tunnel bored under the Gein endless railway bridge to a protected bird area IJmeer, the combined forces of Zalmnorm, environmentalists and distrust in politics will prevail, though the thirty years? Han Michel sincerely hoped that his gay sketch of a piece of ghetto millionaire or perhaps a representative picture of the ideal future IJburg? Vera architect believes in her heart Yanovshtchinsky have someone waiting for those expensive plan chaos resulting population mix of fashionable tendencies and other planning and architectural hype? And project leader Igor Roovers really do not see that affordable housing by making them smaller just more middle-class families to Hoofddorp and Almere hunts?

The answer to these questions will be somewhere in the middle between yes and no lie: without a bit of bureaucratic bluff, what toadyism, a bit of cynicism, a tuft of cosmetics and a dash of opportunism would it IJburg course just boring. And of course the real problems are sometimes picky, and usually fairly banal: partly to discourage car use IJburg has only two real access, and now wants one from Rijkswaterstaat impose an impossible loop. A third of millionaire homes in the first block to yield, already in the pipeline, is not sold, which is difficult when your funding is based on the market hype of recent years, with standard lot from the catalog. And the parking ratio should we adopt for earning two yuppies without subscription tram, which allow cars that fall outside the norm? IJburg is now Amsterdam or region, or Vinex canal? Unfortunately it came a few such problems (finally) addressed in the final discussion, which is all the more frustrating because it was really to talk about and debate proved to be, because the bosses had no ready answers to offer. An hour starting debate was so much more interesting than the extensive hours make good stories.

Intriguing in the discussion was that it appeared that a lot of data are simply not ready. Nobody seemed to know what the IJburgers actually find their new place to live. Or, if coffee is watching, why the people of the Eastern Docklands Amsterdam, the Rotterdam Kop van Zuid Nieuw-Sloten, Floriande or the latest extensions of Almere in place in recent years have ended, how they live and mobile , and what that says about IJburg. The good old days of the AUP, when Van Eesteren first with mathematical precision what Amsterdam stretching all needed, and only then to hit the design also had its attractions.

But let me not to be nostalgic and pessimistic. The AUP has many times been overtaken by reality, and all that on a gedroogzwem Tuesday does not mean that the Port Island has a solid, well thought out plan is, with a clear vision, a plan which also invested heavily in quality which buyers might not be waiting, but of benefit. The homes are environmentally conscious, the look of the street, and is best used in the not too spacious green areas and parks at home and the abundant water. From the way closed and open blocks are combined and even integrated some radical blocks makers in innovation in the postwar housing also much to learn. What remains is a difficult susceptible sand, is actually a real piece of city.

The afternoon walks on the Harbor Island also voted only really optimistic: the endless sand, the pounding pile drivers, the racing trucks, the architect only with some difficulty his own block in the void can post, but then comes a heartwarming picture of his piece IJburg called, everything came down together in one hour excursion a perfect idyll of diligent effort, exactly what the night would be so lacking. Perhaps the speakers for next year are plucked from their offices, but are selected to wear their boots, the emptiness of their political agenda, and the amount of graphs and maps into their PowerPoint free speech. If the organization also have some great weather for “survival kit” full of snacks and drinks will, this pathfinder is happy again, and get those trees the sky perhaps once true.

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The repetitive concrete stubs reveal an upbeat attitude about the city’s seemingly limitless economic growth, though an anticipated building expansion never came to pass. The building is the last, and only remaining, of eight warehouse structures constructed in the Hydraulics by the Keystone Warehouse Company from 1903 to 1917, when this building was completed.

The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, a chain grocery known in Buffalo as A & P for short, was the long-term lease holder for the 250,000 sq. ft. warehouse, occupying the structure until the chain’s closure in 1975.

The Keystone Warehouse Company did make one final expansion long after the completion of A & P, indicative of changing economic fortunes in the Hydraulics and a regional deemphasis away from the central city. In 1958, the same year as the opening of the East Buffalo section of the Niagara Thruway, the company announced the construction of a new warehousing facility, but not in Buffalo: in Cheektowaga.

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Check it out! The Buffalo News has the scoop:
Businessman boosts renewal program: Larkin project proves it works, Zemsky says.

By Jerry Zremski
WASHINGTON – Buffalo businessman Howard Zemsky told a House subcommittee Wednesday that the building his company renovated just east of downtown is proof that the federal Renewal Communities program is working.

“Today our Larkin at Exchange building is home to approximately 2,000 employees working for over 30 companies and organizations,” Zemsky, managing partner of Larkin Development, told the House Ways and Means subcommittee on select revenue measures. “The federal government’s investment, coupled with our own private investment, has resulted in a re-emerging and reinvigorated neighborhood, which was the goal of the renewal community program,” he added.

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